Exploring Gender Gaps in Smartphone Usage-Ownership Patterns Among Science Teachers: A Case Study of Zimbabwe

Afzal, A., Khan, S., Daud, S., Ahmad, Z., & Butt, A. (2023). Addressing the Digital Divide: Access and Use of Technology in Education. Journal of Social Sciences Review, 3(2), 883–895. https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.326

Albano, R., Masino, G., & Maggi, B. (2010). The relevance of Giddens’ structuration theory for organizational research. 17, 28.

Bertay, A. C., Dordevic, L., & Sever, C. (2021). Gender Inequality and Economic Growth: Evidence from Industry-Level Data. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3658594

Busch, P. A., Hausvik, G. I., Ropstad, O. K., & Pettersen, D. (2021). Smartphone usage among older adults. Computers in Human Behavior, 121. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHB.2021.106783

Chen, B., Liu, F., Ding, S., Ying, X., Wang, L., & Wen, Y. (2017a). Gender differences in factors associated with smartphone addiction: A cross-sectional study among medical college students. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12888-017-1503-Z/TABLES/4

Chen, B., Liu, F., Ding, S., Ying, X., Wang, L., & Wen, Y. (2017b). Gender differences in factors associated with smartphone addiction: A cross-sectional study among medical college students. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12888-017-1503-Z/TABLES/4

Dias, L., & Victor, A. (2017). Teaching and Learning with Mobile Devices in the 21st Century Digital World: Benefits and Challenges. European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 5(1), 339. https://doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v5i1.p339-344

Dixon, L. J., Correa, T., Straubhaar, J., Covarrubias, L., Graber, D., Spence, J., & Rojas, V. (2014). Gendered Space: The digital divide between male and female users in internet public access sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(4), 991–1009. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12088

Fitzgerald, D., Hockey, R., Jones, M., Mishra, G., Waller, M., & Dobson, A. (2019a). Use of Online or Paper Surveys by Australian Women: Longitudinal Study of Users, Devices, and Cohort Retention. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(3). https://doi.org/10.2196/10672

Fitzgerald, D., Hockey, R., Jones, M., Mishra, G., Waller, M., & Dobson, A. (2019b). Use of Online or Paper Surveys by Australian Women: Longitudinal Study of Users, Devices, and Cohort Retention. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(3). https://doi.org/10.2196/10672

Fowler, C. (2011). Society and the Schools: A Dynamic Relationship. Strong Arts, Strong Schools, 25–34. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195148336.003.0003

Fröhlich, S. (2019). Africa’s Mobile Gender Gap: Millions of African women still offline | Africa | DW | 09.08.2019. DW.

Greenhalgh, T., & Stones, R. (2010). Theorising big IT programmes in healthcare: Strong structuration theory meets actor-network theory. Social Science and Medicine, 70(9), 1285–1294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.12.034

Hah, H., Goldin, D., & Ha, S. (2019). The association between willingness of frontline care providers’ to adaptively use telehealth technology and virtual service performance in provider-to-provider communication: Quantitative study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(8), e15087. https://doi.org/10.2196/15087

Harris, B. (2017). What is the gender gap (and why is it getting wider)? World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2017/11/the-gender-gap-actually-got-worse-in-2017/

Karisson, M., Penteriani, G., Croxson, H., Stanek, A., Miller, R., Pema, D., & Chitiyo, F. (2017). Accelerating affordable smartphone ownership in emerging markets. A GSMA and Dalberg Report, July, 1.

Kassa H, Murugan R, Zewdu F, Hailu M, Woldeyohannes D. (2014). Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice and associated factors towards palliative care among nurses working in selected hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Palliat Care, 13(6). https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-684X-13-6

King, A. (2010). The odd couple: Margaret archer, Anthony Giddens and British social theory. British Journal of Sociology, 61(SUPPL. 1), 253–260. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2009.01288.x

Klasen, S. (2002). Low Schooling for Girls , Slower Growth for All ? Cross-Country Evidence on the Effect of Gender Inequality in Education on Economic Development. 16(3). https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhf004

Lethbridge, N. (2003). Adaptive Structuration Theory: Relevant Structures for Web Technologies. 14th Australasian Conference on Information Systems, November, 1–8.

Lopez-Fernandez, O., Männikkö, N., Kääriäinen, M., Griffiths, M. D., & Kuss, D. J. (2018). Mobile gaming and problematic smartphone use: A comparative study between Belgium and Finland. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 7(1), 88. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.6.2017.080

Manyeredzi, T. (2021). Smartphone usage pattern for science teachers: The case of Zimbabwe. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 05(09), 520–525. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2021.5934

Manyilizu, M., & Gilbert, G. M. (2015). The use of ICT among Teachers of Science and Non-science Subjects in Private and Public Secondary Schools in Tanzania: A case of Dodoma Municipality. International Journal of Computer Applications, 132(14), 36–40. https://doi.org/10.5120/ijca2015907610

Miao, Y., Li, L., & Bian, Y. (2017). Gender differences in job quality and job satisfaction among doctors in rural western China. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2786-y

Makoe, M., 2016. The future of Open Distance eLearning: Realising the 2030 sustainable goal. In Third Open and Distance Learning Conference in Namibia (p. 1).

Müller, H., Gove, J. L., Webb, J. S., & Cheang, A. (2015). Understanding and Comparing Smartphone and Tablet Use. 427–436. https://doi.org/10.1145/2838739.2838748

Nass, C., & Moon, Y. (2000). Machines and Mindlessness : Social Responses to Computers. 56(1), 81–103.

Nayak, J. K. (2018). Relationship among smartphone usage, addiction, academic performance and the moderating role of gender: A study of higher education students in India. Computers and Education, 123(May), 164–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2018.05.007

North, D., Johnston, K., & Ophoff, J. (2014). Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology The Use of Mobile Phones by South African University Students. Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology, 11, 115–138. http://iisit.org/Vol11/IISITv11p115-138North0469.pdf

Olson, J. A., Sandra, D. A., Colucci, É. S., Al Bikaii, A., Chmoulevitch, D., Nahas, J., Raz, A., &Veissière, S. P. L. (2022). Smartphone addiction is increasing across the world: A meta-analysis of 24 countries. Computers in Human Behavior, 129(November 2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.107138

Redmond, P., &Mcguinness, S. (2019). Explaining the Gender Gap in Job Satisfaction (Issue 12703). https://ftp.iza.org/dp12703.pdf

Rojas, R. A., & Ruiz Garcia, M. A. (2020). Implementation of industrial internet of things and cyber-physical systems in smes for distributed and service-oriented control. In Industry 4.0 for SMEs: Challenges, Opportunities and Requirements (pp. 73–103). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25425-4_3

Rowntree, O., & Shanahan, M. (2020). Connected Women:The Mobile Gender Gap Report 2020. 52.

Sama, A. A., Shree, M., & Mahila, N. (2020). Gender differences in smartphone usage patterns of adolescents. IJRAR2001906 International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR) www.ijrar.org, 355. www.ijrar.org

Sarraute, C., Blanc, P., &Burroni, J. (2014). A study of age and gender seen through mobile phone usage patterns in Mexico. ASONAM 2014 – Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining, 836–843. https://doi.org/10.1109/ASONAM.2014.6921683

Schmitz, K. W., Teng, J. T. C., & Webb, K. J. (2016). Capturing the complexity of malleable it use: Adaptive structuration theory for individuals. MIS Quarterly, 40(3), 663–686.

Singh, D., Singh, T., & Kumar, A. (2012). Smart Phones Vs Tablets : A Review. Iject, 3(3), 2011–2013.

Smith, W. G. (2008a). Does gender influence online survey participation? A record-linkage analysis of university faculty online survey response behavior. Eric Ed501717, 1–21. http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED501717.pdf

Smith, W. G. (2008b). Does gender influence online survey participation? A record-linkage analysis of university faculty online survey response behavior. Eric Ed501717, 1–21.

Taywade, A., &Khubalkar, R. (2019). Gender differences in smartphone usage patterns of adolescents. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 7(4), 509–515. https://doi.org/10.25215/0704.060

Trapero, H. A. (2018). Investigating individual’s engagement in malleable it within adaptive structuration theory for individuals. Proceedings of 2018 the 8th International Workshop on Computer Science and Engineering, WCSE 2018, December, 356–361. https://doi.org/10.18178/wcse.2018.06.063

Turner, J. R., Morris, M., &Atamenwan, I. (2019). A Theoretical Literature Review on Adaptive Structuration Theory as Its Relevance to Human Resource Development. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 21(3), 289–302. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422319851275

Van Deursen, A. J. A. M., Bolle, C. L., Hegner, S. M., &Kommers, P. A. M. (2015). Modeling habitual and addictive smartphone behavior: The role of smartphone usage types, emotional intelligence, social stress, self-regulation, age, and gender. Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 411–420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.12.039

Vandenberg, P. (2020). The fourth industrial revolution: by Klaus Schwab, Geneva, World Economic Forum, 2016, 184 pp. Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 25(1), 194–196. https://doi.org/10.1080/13547860.2019.1686320

World Economic Forum. (2021). 2021 The global gender gap report (Issue March).

1. Terrence Manyeredzi, a renowned academic attached to the Science and Mathematics Education Department of Bindura University of Science Education. Holding an MSc in Geophysics, Mr. Manyeredzi’s academic journey has traversed multiple disciplines, with a recent refocusing of interests towards smartphone use in Physics education. Initially, Mr. Manyeredzi’s research endeavors were concentrated in the realm of renewable energy physics, yielding several notable publications in esteemed academic journals. However, a shift in academic pursuits led to an exploration of the intricacies of science education, culminating in a series of scholarly articles that have contributed meaningfully to the existing body of knowledge. Mr. Manyeredzi’s research expertise spans the intersection of science education and renewable energy. A prolific scholar, Mr. Manyeredzi has authored numerous publications in reputable academic outlets, cementing a reputation as a leading voice in academia. Through a commitment to innovative teaching practices and rigorous academic inquiry, Mr. Manyeredzi continues to inspire the next generation of scientists, educators, and thinkers.
   tmanyeredzi@gmail.com
   
   ↩︎
2. Dr. Vongai Mpofu, a senior lecturer in the Department of Science and Mathematics Education and currently serves as the Quality Assurance Director at the Bindura University of Science Education. Her research focuses on science education at various levels and encompasses four key areas: STEM/STEAM/STREAM education, African Indigenous knowledge systems, qualitative research methodologies (both classical and Indigenous), and quality assurance in higher education. Her work aims to promote epistemic justice and the relevance of science education in Africa, contributing to the economic transformation of societies.
   tvmpofu@gmail.com
   
   ↩︎
3. Dr. Gladys Sunzuma, an influential educator and researcher, known for her work in advancing mathematics education with a focus on innovation, inclusivity, and cultural relevance. She holds a Ph.D. from the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (2019), where her dissertation explored Zimbabwean mathematics teachers’ readiness to integrate ethnomathematics into geometry teaching. Dr. Sunzuma’s academic qualifications also include an MScEd in Mathematics Education from Bindura University of Science Education and a BScEd in Mathematics and Chemistry Education from the University of Zimbabwe/Bindura University College.
   Dr. Sunzuma has made substantial contributions to the field of mathematics education, particularly in Zimbabwe. Since 2008, she has served as a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Science and Mathematics Education at Bindura University of Science Education (BUSE). Her career at BUSE spans roles such as Lecturer, Teaching Assistant, and Acting Chairperson, where she has played a pivotal role in shaping the direction of mathematics education in the country. Prior to her academic career, she taught mathematics and science in high schools under the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education in Zimbabwe, where she held leadership roles as Head of the Department for Science/Mathematics.
   Dr. Sunzuma’s research is centered on ethnomathematics, teacher professional development, inclusive education, and the integration of technology in mathematics teaching. Her extensive research output includes over 35 peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, and edited volumes, including the co-edited Science, Mathematics, and Technology Education in Zimbabwe: Research, Policy, and Practice (2023). Her work on ethnomathematics and learner-centered teaching methods has driven significant changes in the curriculum in Zimbabwe, emphasizing the integration of cultural perspectives in STEM education. Additionally, Dr. Sunzuma has served as an external examiner for postgraduate theses, affirming her authority and expertise in mathematics education.
   gsunzuma@gmail.com
   
   ↩︎
4. Dr. Nicholas Zezekwa, a senior lecturer in the Department of Science and Mathematics Education at Bindura University of Science Education with over 30 publications in areas including Nature of Science, Teacher Professional Development and Pedagogical content knowledge.
   nizezekwa@gmil.com
   
   ↩︎
5. Dr. Edison Mudzamiri, a lecturer in the Science and Mathematics Department, Bindura University of Science Education.
   edmudzamiri@gmail.com
   ↩︎